Estimating failure time distribution and its parameters based on intermediate data from a Wiener degradation model

Instead of measuring a Wiener degradation or performance process at predetermined time points to track degradation or performance of a product for estimating its lifetime, we propose to obtain the first‐passage times of the process over certain nonfailure thresholds. Based on only these intermediate data, we obtain the uniformly minimum variance unbiased estimator and uniformly most accurate confidence interval for the mean lifetime. For estimating the lifetime distribution function, we propose a modified maximum likelihood estimator and a new estimator and prove that, by increasing the sample size of the intermediate data, these estimators and the above‐mentioned estimator of the mean lifetime can achieve the same levels of accuracy as the estimators assuming one has failure times. Thus, our method of using only intermediate data is useful for highly reliable products when their failure times are difficult to obtain. Furthermore, we show that the proposed new estimator of the lifetime distribution function is more accurate than the standard and modified maximum likelihood estimators. We also obtain approximate confidence intervals for the lifetime distribution function and its percentiles. Finally, we use light‐emitting diodes as an example to illustrate our method and demonstrate how to validate the Wiener assumption during the testing. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Naval Research Logistics, 2008     

战场空间本体构建方法研究

从构建战场空间知识基础设施,进而形成一体化的知识处理平台、获取知识优势出发,将本体思想引入战场空间知识建模领域,提出了战场空间本体体系,即战场空间本体包括上层本体、领域本体、应用本体;并重点研究了一种战场空间领域本体的构建方法BOC,包括基于上层本体BUO的领域本体构建方法,基于上层本体BUO的领域本体合并方法.基于本体的战场空间知识建模从根本上解决了战场空间中知识系统之间的知识共享和重用问题,便于知识系统的集成.     

信息技术与初中数学课程整合的实践

当前我国基础教育领域正在进行一场意义深远的课程改革,促进信息技术与课程整合成为其中的重要内容之一。信息技术与中小学数学学科的整合,使得中小学数学教学中学习内容和学习形式、教学观念和教学方式都产生了一系列的变化,本文通过在初中数学教学中进行的信息技术与课程整合实践尝试,总结了将信息技术有效地与中学数学课程整合,可以培养学生学习数学兴趣和实践能力。     

基于SysML的车辆信息系统设计

针对目前车辆信息系统缺乏有效设计方法的现状,结合新时期车辆信息系统的特点,提出了一种基于SysML的车辆信息系统设计方法。该方法明确了车辆信息系统设计过程的阶段和产物,并通过标准建模语言SysML的运用,用模型来支持系统的设计和有效性验证。该方法在智能巡航系统的设计中得到了运用。实践结果表明,该方法不仅能够自顶向下完整地设计系统、利用可视化的语言准确清晰地描述系统,而且能够在系统设计层面对系统功能逻辑和数据流进行动态仿真和迭代验证。该方法能够较好地指导新时期车辆信息系统的设计过程,满足信息系统的设计要求。     

飞行试验阶段航空装备可靠性评估方法

目前,飞机试飞阶段遇到的情况复杂多样,对于可靠性评估提出了极大的挑战,传统可靠性评估方法在试飞过程中逐渐显得力不从心,因此,通过系统分析不纠正、即时纠正、提前纠正、延迟纠正、部分即时纠正、单设备复杂纠正和多设备复杂纠正等飞机试飞阶段实际遇到的情况,提出了相应的可靠性评估方法,可实现更精确评估试飞阶段飞机的可靠性结果,为工程推广应用奠定了良好的基础.     

An improved adaptive differential evolution algorithm for single unmanned aerial vehicle multitasking

Single unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) multitasking plays an important role in multiple UAVs cooperative control, which is as well as the most complicated and hardest part. This paper establishes a three-dimensional topographical map, and an improved adaptive differential evolution (IADE) algorithm is proposed for single UAV multitasking. As an optimized problem, the efficiency of using standard differential evolution to obtain the global optimal solution is very low to avoid this problem. Therefore, the algorithm adopts the mutation factor and crossover factor into dynamic adaptive functions, which makes the crossover factor and variation factor can be adjusted with the number of population iteration and individual fitness value, letting the algorithm exploration and development more reasonable. The experimental results implicate that the IADE algorithm has better performance, higher convergence and efficiency to solve the multitasking problem compared with other algorithms.     

Chain damage effects of multi-spaced plates by reactive jet impact

Chain damage is a new phenomenon that occurs when a reactive jet impacts and penetrates multi-spaced plates.The reactive jet produces mechanical perforations on the spaced plates by its kinetic energy(KE),and then results in unusual chain rupturing effects and excessive structural damage on the spaced plates by its deflagration reaction.In the present study,the chain damage behavior is initially demonstrated by experiments.The reactive liners,composed of 26 wt％Al and 74 wt％PTFE,are fabricated through a pressing and sintering process.Three reactive liner thicknesses of 0.08 CD,0.10 CD and 0.12 CD(charge diameter)are chosen to carry out the chain damage experiments.The results show a chain rupturing phenomenon caused by reactive jet.The constant reaction delay time and the different penetration velocities of reactive jets from liners with different thicknesses result in the variation of the deflagration position,which consequently determines the number of ruptured plates behind the armor.Then,the finite-element code AUTODYN-3D has been used to simulate the kinetic energy only-induced rupturing effects on plates,based on the mechanism of behind armor debris(BAD).The significant discrepancies between simulations and experiments indicate that one enhanced damage mechanism,the behind armor blast(BAB),has acted on the ruptured plates.Finally,a theoretical model is used to consider the BAB-induced enhancement,and the analysis shows that the rupturing area on aluminum plates depends strongly upon the KE only-induced pre-perforations,the mass of reactive materials,and the thickness of plates.     

基于FLAC^3D的岩土边坡施工效应研究

采用FLAC3D对预应力锚索框架梁支护的岩土边坡施工过程进行数值模拟,围绕施工中坡体位移场与应力场的变化以及下级边坡施工对上部已完成的支挡结构受力影响进行研究.结果表明坡体开挖引起的松弛区呈圆弧状,且位移由临空面向坡体内逐渐减小,坡体弹性模量与其变形呈非线性递减关系;预应力锚索框架梁能有效抑制坡体变形,从坡顶到坡脚锚索轴力依次增大,故工程设计中宜对其分别设计,做到“强腰固脚”;下级边坡与上级边坡的支挡结构相互约束,共同承担滑坡推力,形成一种“联合支挡结构”.     

目标识别中的传感器管理方法

基于假设检验的方法,研究了目标识别中的传感器管理方法。分别以用于假设检验问题中的最大后验概率、最小代价函数和最大正确检测概率为目标函数,给出了用于目标识别问题的多传感器管理方法,并针对目标识别问题的特点,对其进行了相应的改进。通过对一定场景的仿真,比较了三种不同方法的识别正确率和平均采样次数,分析了各种方法的特点。     

反腐败中“保护主义”现象的原因及其治理

在我国的反腐败斗争中,有一种保护主义现象。它来自社会各个方面,存在于人们的思想感情、政治倾向及权力运作等各个领域,是影响反腐败斗争深入开展的严重障碍。文章从我国当前反腐败斗争的社会现实出发,着重列举了“保护主义”在党员、干部思想行为上的主要表现及其原因,提出了治理办法：要教育广大党员、干部进一步加强建设有中国特色的社会主义理论和社会主义市场经济理论的学习,确立社会主义的改革开放观;要把清除“保护主义”影响的工作纳入源头治理的范畴,实行综合治理;要切实落实党风廉政建设责任制,增强各级领导干部反腐败的责任意识,加大党内和群众监督的力度;要建章立制,加强对党风廉政建设工作的检查和考核。